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Monday, May 30, 2011

Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., Memorial Day Address, 1884

Within days of the attack on Fort Sumter, Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., the future Supreme Court Justice, withdrew from his senior year at Harvard College and joined the Fourth Battalion of Massachusetts Volunteers. By August he was first lieutenant in the Twentieth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers Infantry, and saw considerable action in the war, suffering wounds at the Battle of Ball’s Bluff, Antietam, and Fredericksburg.

Twenty years later, on May 30, 1884, as Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, Holmes infused memories of his wartime service into his address before John Sedgwick Post No. 4, Grand Army of the Republic in Keene, New Hampshire, and delivered one of the most quoted Memorial Day speeches ever given. Some excerpts follow:
. . . as surely as this day comes round we are in the presence of the dead. For one hour, twice a year at least—at the regimental dinner, where the ghosts sit at table more numerous than the living, and on this day when we decorate their graves—the dead come back and live with us. 
I see them now, more than I can number, as once I saw them on this earth. They are the same bright figures, or their counterparts, that come also before your eyes; and when I speak of those who were my brothers, the same words describe yours. 
I see a fair-haired lad, a lieutenant, and a captain on whom life had begun somewhat to tell, but still young, sitting by the long mess-table in camp before the regiment left the State, and wondering how many of those who gathered in our tent could hope to see the end of what was then beginning. For neither of them was that destiny reserved. I remember, as I awoke from my first long stupor in the hospital after the battle of Ball's Bluff, I heard the doctor say, "He was a beautiful boy," and I knew that one of those two speakers was no more. The other, after passing through all the previous battles, went into Fredericksburg with strange premonition of the end, and there met his fate. 
I see another youthful lieutenant as I saw him in the Seven Days, when I looked down the line at Glendale. The officers were at the head of their companies. The advance was beginning. We caught each other's eye and saluted. When next I looked, he was gone. . . 
It is not of the dead alone that we think on this day. There are those still living whose sex forbade them to offer their lives, but who gave instead their happiness. Which of us has not been lifted above himself by the sight of one of those lovely, lonely women, around whom the wand of sorrow has traced its excluding circle—set apart, even when surrounded by loving friends who would fain bring back joy to their lives? . . . 
Comrades, some of the associations of this day are not only triumphant, but joyful. Not all of those with whom we once stood shoulder to shoulder—not all of those whom we once loved and revered—are gone. On this day we still meet our companions in the freezing winter bivouacs and in those dreadful summer marches where every faculty of the soul seemed to depart one after another, leaving only a dumb animal power to set the teeth and to persist—a blind belief that somewhere and at last there was bread and water. On this day, at least, we still meet and rejoice in the closest tie which is possible between men—a tie which suffering has made indissoluble for better, for worse. . . . 
But grief is not the end of all. I seem to hear the funeral march become a paean. I see beyond the forest the moving banners of a hidden column. Our dead brothers still live for us, and bid us think of life, not death—of life to which in their youth they lent the passion and joy of the spring. As I listen, the great chorus of life and joy begins again, and amid the awful orchestra of seen and unseen powers and destinies of good and evil our trumpets sound once more a note of daring, hope, and will.
Also of interest:
Related LOA works: American Speeches: Political Oratory from Abraham Lincoln to Bill Clinton (includes Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.’s “Memorial Day Address 1884”)

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